Limited post-secondary infrastructure partly explains low higher education attainment in developing countries. This paper estimates the effects of a program that expanded university access by constructing new campuses across Uruguay. Exploiting temporal and geographic variation in the rollout, we combine a dynamic two-way fixed-effects design with comprehensive administrative records. Reducing the distance to the nearest campus increased university enrollment by 34 percent relative to baseline, with especially large gains among less-privileged, first-generation students. Effects extended up to 30 kilometers and were concentrated among students from less-educated families, reducing spatial inequality. The expansion also increased secondary-school enrollment and completion, an important result given that low secondary completion remains a major barrier to higher education, while leaving tertiary completion rates unchanged. A cost-effectiveness analysis indicates substantial private and social returns, at costs comparable to a scholarship program. Overall, place-based university expansion can cost-effectively reduce spatial inequality and promote intergenerational mobility in developing countries.